contravención.
contravenir.
26 de marzo de 2014
22 de marzo de 2014
Today I am trying to have an idea of what these concepts mean in a rough way, in the context of the built environment. I am sorry if this appears overwhelming-it does to me- but will try to curate a bit more all this information when I have a better understanding. Meanwhile lets enjoy the roughness of it :)
Building regulations: "are statutory instruments that seek to ensure that the policies set out in the relevant legislation are carried out. Building regulations approval is required for most building work in the UK. Building regulations that apply across England and Wales are set out in the Building Act 1984 while those that apply across Scotland are set out in the Building (Scotland) Act 2003.
Housing subsidy: "is government supported funding or financial assistance for its citizens to help provide or afford housing"-Wikipedia
Planning policies: "[they form part of]The Framework sets out planning policies for England and how they are expected to be applied. It provides guidance for local planning authorities and decision-takers, both in drawing up plans and making decisions about planning applications."-Gov UK
"The government has simplified the planning system so councils have the freedom to make decisions in the best interests of their area. Councils and communities should be central to a system that achieves socially, environmentally and economically sustainable development."-Gov UK
In the UK They vary on a political scale:
Regulatory framework:
Zoning: "is a device of land-use planning used by local governments in most developed countries.[1][2][3] The word is derived from the practice of designating permitted uses of land based on mapped zones which separate one set of land uses from another.
Land use:"Land use is the human use of land. Land use involves the management and modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as settlements and semi-natural habitats such as arable fields, pastures, and managed woods. It also has been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover type to produce, change or maintain it" (FAO, 1997a; FAO/UNEP, 1999).[1]"-Wikipedia
Ownership:"Land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law systems, to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land (the French verb "tenir" means "to hold"; "tenant" is the present participle of "tenir")."-Wikipedia
Jurisdiction:"Jurisdiction is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or to a political leader to deal with and make pronouncements on legal matters and, by implication, to administer justice within a defined area of responsibility. The term is also used to denote the geographical area or subject-matter to which such authority applies. Areas of jurisdiction apply to local, state, and federal levels.
Jurisdiction draws its substance from public international law, conflict of laws, constitutional law and the powers of the executive and legislative branches of government to allocate resources to best serve the needs of its native society."-Wikipedia
Property:"In abstract, property is that which is had by or belongs to/with something, whether as an attribute or a component. For the significant context of this article, property is one or more components (rather than attributes), whether physical or incorporeal, of a person's estate; or so belonging to, as in being owned by, a person or jointly a group of people or a legal entity like a corporation or even a society. (Given such meaning, the word property is uncountable, and as such, is not described with an indefinite article or as plural.) Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property has the right to consume, alter, share, redefine, rent, mortgage, pawn, sell, exchange, transfer, give away or destroy it, or to exclude others from doing these things,[1][2][3] as well as perhaps to abandon it; whereas regardless of the nature of the property, the owner thereof has the right to properly use it (as a durable, mean or factor, or whatever), or at the very least exclusively keep it."-Wikipedia
Building regulations: "are statutory instruments that seek to ensure that the policies set out in the relevant legislation are carried out. Building regulations approval is required for most building work in the UK. Building regulations that apply across England and Wales are set out in the Building Act 1984 while those that apply across Scotland are set out in the Building (Scotland) Act 2003.
The UK Government is responsible for the relevant legislation and administration in England, the Welsh Government is the responsible body in Wales, the Scottish Government is responsible for the issue in Scotland, and the Northern Ireland Executive has responsibility within its jurisdiction."-Wikipedia
"You usually need building regulations approval if you:
- put up a new building
- extend or alter an existing building
- install services or fittings in a building, eg washing and sanitary facilities, hot water cylinders, foul water and rainwater drainage, replacement windows and any fuel burning appliances
Building regulations approval is separate from planning permission"-Gov UK
"Very simply they are rules that try to ensure all new construction, conversions, alterations and extensions are built to a minimum standard and meet certain health, safety and welfare conditions."BCN Consultancy
Housing subsidy: "is government supported funding or financial assistance for its citizens to help provide or afford housing"-Wikipedia
"You could get Housing Benefit to help you pay your rent if you’re on a low income.
Housing Benefit can pay for part or all of your rent. How much you get depends on your income and circumstances.
You can apply for Housing Benefit whether you’re unemployed or working.
You may also be able to get help with your rent if your benefits stop.
Housing Benefit can’t be paid for heating, hot water, energy or food - if you need help, use the benefits adviser to see what else you might be entitled to."-Gov UK
"If the aim is to produce more houses at affordable prices or rents, it's clearly not working. If the aim is to sustain the wealth of those lucky enough to be outright owners or to rent out their property, perhaps it is."-The GuardianPlanning policies: "[they form part of]The Framework sets out planning policies for England and how they are expected to be applied. It provides guidance for local planning authorities and decision-takers, both in drawing up plans and making decisions about planning applications."-Gov UK
"The government has simplified the planning system so councils have the freedom to make decisions in the best interests of their area. Councils and communities should be central to a system that achieves socially, environmentally and economically sustainable development."-Gov UK
In the UK They vary on a political scale:
"The London Plan (2011)
Sets out London-wide policies
Borough Wide Poilicies
Sets out the overall and detailed vision for development in the borough and strategic policies that will help us achieve it
Area Action Plans
Area Action Plans (AAP) can provide specific policies and further detail to shape development in certain parts of the borough.
Supplementary Planning Documents
They can provide detailed technical guidance on particular areas or themes where this would help to deliver our strategic policies.
The National Planning Policy Framework"(edited)-Southwark council
Regulatory framework:
- "A process of the promulgation, monitoring, and enforcement of rules, established by primary and/or delegated legislation.
- A written instrument containing rules having the force of law.
Regulation creates, limits, constrains or right, creates or limits a duty, or allocates a responsibility. Regulation can take many forms like legal restrictions promulgated by a government authority."-Wikipedia
Zoning may be use-based (regulating the uses to which land may be put, also called functional zoning), or it may regulate building height, lot coverage (density), and similar characteristics, or some combination of these."-Wikipedia
Land use:"Land use is the human use of land. Land use involves the management and modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as settlements and semi-natural habitats such as arable fields, pastures, and managed woods. It also has been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover type to produce, change or maintain it" (FAO, 1997a; FAO/UNEP, 1999).[1]"-Wikipedia
Ownership:"Land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law systems, to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land (the French verb "tenir" means "to hold"; "tenant" is the present participle of "tenir")."-Wikipedia
Jurisdiction:"Jurisdiction is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or to a political leader to deal with and make pronouncements on legal matters and, by implication, to administer justice within a defined area of responsibility. The term is also used to denote the geographical area or subject-matter to which such authority applies. Areas of jurisdiction apply to local, state, and federal levels.
Jurisdiction draws its substance from public international law, conflict of laws, constitutional law and the powers of the executive and legislative branches of government to allocate resources to best serve the needs of its native society."-Wikipedia
Property:"In abstract, property is that which is had by or belongs to/with something, whether as an attribute or a component. For the significant context of this article, property is one or more components (rather than attributes), whether physical or incorporeal, of a person's estate; or so belonging to, as in being owned by, a person or jointly a group of people or a legal entity like a corporation or even a society. (Given such meaning, the word property is uncountable, and as such, is not described with an indefinite article or as plural.) Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property has the right to consume, alter, share, redefine, rent, mortgage, pawn, sell, exchange, transfer, give away or destroy it, or to exclude others from doing these things,[1][2][3] as well as perhaps to abandon it; whereas regardless of the nature of the property, the owner thereof has the right to properly use it (as a durable, mean or factor, or whatever), or at the very least exclusively keep it."-Wikipedia
20 de marzo de 2014
I have always been interested in reflective practice and the idea of criticality. Maybe I am mixing two different things here. I am going to attempt to analyse these two terms to deepen my understanding of them, prior to doing any research.
#1 reflective practice: the act, and hence practice, of reflection on ones own process to distill what it is been productive and what it is been counterproductive(WHAT?). In doing so, one unravels the processes that lead to these outcomes(HOW?). Identifying and putting into practice the productive circumstances or situations of the previous processes lead to a practice that is reflective.
#2 criticality: it is a performance, or the undertaking of an action. It surges as the continuous process of being critical. To be critical has different implications and these can be categorized into four points:
2.1 identification. By being incredulous (WHY?). This translates into questioning the elements of what is present or being presented. To do this, a deconstruction of our perceived reality has to be performed.
2.2 definition. the pinpointing of the different elements to clarify how they differ from each other.
2.3 contextualisation. This has to do with the bridging of these separate elements or drawing connections between the different elements to induce a sense of causality or relation.
2.4 comparative analysis. Crystallizing the similar and dissimilar elements between these agglomerations, be it by juxtaposition, superimposition, intersection, etc.
Engaging in this processes in a continuous way that is not necessarily linear, circular or cyclical constitutes what I would identify as the act of being critical.
This is what Wikipedia says: (edited)
#1 reflective practice: the act, and hence practice, of reflection on ones own process to distill what it is been productive and what it is been counterproductive(WHAT?). In doing so, one unravels the processes that lead to these outcomes(HOW?). Identifying and putting into practice the productive circumstances or situations of the previous processes lead to a practice that is reflective.
#2 criticality: it is a performance, or the undertaking of an action. It surges as the continuous process of being critical. To be critical has different implications and these can be categorized into four points:
2.1 identification. By being incredulous (WHY?). This translates into questioning the elements of what is present or being presented. To do this, a deconstruction of our perceived reality has to be performed.
2.2 definition. the pinpointing of the different elements to clarify how they differ from each other.
2.3 contextualisation. This has to do with the bridging of these separate elements or drawing connections between the different elements to induce a sense of causality or relation.
2.4 comparative analysis. Crystallizing the similar and dissimilar elements between these agglomerations, be it by juxtaposition, superimposition, intersection, etc.
Engaging in this processes in a continuous way that is not necessarily linear, circular or cyclical constitutes what I would identify as the act of being critical.
This is what Wikipedia says: (edited)
Reflective practice is "the capacity to reflect on action so as to engage in a process of continuous learning".[1]
What is important about reflection throughout your practice is that you are not just looking back on past actions and events, but rather you are taking a conscious look at the emotions, experiences, actions, and responses, and using that to add to your existing knowledge base to draw out new knowledge, meaning and have a higher level of understanding (2013, Paterson, Chapman).
Critical thinking, as defined by the National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. [1]
12 de marzo de 2014
I have been interested in architecture and the everyday... To put it broadly, I'd like to think that the built environment can challenge cultural patterns formed trough the inevitable routinary practices (sleep, eat, burp, defecate...). To me this constitutes a form of politics, a form of resistance if you like. This not only takes into account time, but what is contained in it. the nomadic subjects that inhabit it, their relationships, and their interactions with animated or/and inanimate objects or entities.
I believe there are two challenges in the idea of approaching architecture from this perspective. One is that one has to be clear about what constitutes the everyday, how it is captured and how it is portrayed. Second it has to do with the revealing of what constitutes cultural within the information, that if we are to propose, we can't take part in a practice of portraying, instead we have to propose in a critical manner, i.e. how do we challenge these habits or cultures? which are the implication of these? and perhaps on a different note, how do we engage in post-occupation, which is so ever unpresent in architectural photography, and its what to me, defines its success.
I have found some examples which I think are particularly effective in portraying the material framework involved in the everyday. Obviously they have their limitations...Some don't show the inhabitants or show no sign of their biological cycles or their environmental conditions. Most of them show spaces of familiarity or domesticity and look almost like set designs, very static. In any case they offer a glimpse to a piece or an edited reality. More or less artistic, depending on their author/process, the pictures reveal more or less abstractly, trough the looking glass of composition. Contingency is also present, as well a dirt and even a couple of moments of simultaneity are revealed... It is clear to me that this is only a fraction of what an exploration of the everyday could be. The intricacy or the methods of representation are key, and these are successful as they clear all the possible clutter (as much as they are concerned with comprehension) that the complexity of the everyday might spit in our faces.
Society for Community Organisation
Aneta Grzeszykowska and Jan Smaga
Menno Aden
Juerguen Chill
Gaspar Noe
Alain Paiement
I consider this whole compilation more as a cuantitative example than a qualitative. And they all show quite strongly some common features (i.e. acentuation of the flat surface, devaluation of partitions, freezing of action, accumulation of time, signs of stigmergy, clear relationships between objects which is not so apparent at an horizontal perception, portrayal of intimacy, domesticity, and in some cases a celebration of chaos or a socio-political statement).
I would also like to note that Gaspar Noe's images are from his movie Enter the Void, which I highly recommend. For now I will leave my remarks as superficial as mentioned, as I think of this more of a collection/archival exercise for initial thoughts/explorations.
I believe there are two challenges in the idea of approaching architecture from this perspective. One is that one has to be clear about what constitutes the everyday, how it is captured and how it is portrayed. Second it has to do with the revealing of what constitutes cultural within the information, that if we are to propose, we can't take part in a practice of portraying, instead we have to propose in a critical manner, i.e. how do we challenge these habits or cultures? which are the implication of these? and perhaps on a different note, how do we engage in post-occupation, which is so ever unpresent in architectural photography, and its what to me, defines its success.
I have found some examples which I think are particularly effective in portraying the material framework involved in the everyday. Obviously they have their limitations...Some don't show the inhabitants or show no sign of their biological cycles or their environmental conditions. Most of them show spaces of familiarity or domesticity and look almost like set designs, very static. In any case they offer a glimpse to a piece or an edited reality. More or less artistic, depending on their author/process, the pictures reveal more or less abstractly, trough the looking glass of composition. Contingency is also present, as well a dirt and even a couple of moments of simultaneity are revealed... It is clear to me that this is only a fraction of what an exploration of the everyday could be. The intricacy or the methods of representation are key, and these are successful as they clear all the possible clutter (as much as they are concerned with comprehension) that the complexity of the everyday might spit in our faces.
Society for Community Organisation
Aneta Grzeszykowska and Jan Smaga
Menno Aden
Juerguen Chill
Gaspar Noe
Alain Paiement
I consider this whole compilation more as a cuantitative example than a qualitative. And they all show quite strongly some common features (i.e. acentuation of the flat surface, devaluation of partitions, freezing of action, accumulation of time, signs of stigmergy, clear relationships between objects which is not so apparent at an horizontal perception, portrayal of intimacy, domesticity, and in some cases a celebration of chaos or a socio-political statement).
I would also like to note that Gaspar Noe's images are from his movie Enter the Void, which I highly recommend. For now I will leave my remarks as superficial as mentioned, as I think of this more of a collection/archival exercise for initial thoughts/explorations.
11 de marzo de 2014
10 de marzo de 2014
I don't usually post architecture here but...I feel this project is interesting. I have just now started reading Guattari and Deleuze, which I find fascinating as much as I do incomprehensible. I have been trying to read about their theories on the lines of flight and processes of subjectivization, which I am by no means ready to discuss here. I noticed they have this chapter called the body without organs, and quickly related it to this project by OMA. Another blog has also come to make this relationship between the body and the building, which is also commented by Koolhaas in his website.
